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The fourth book of Rhetorica Ad Herennium contains a dictionary
of stylistic terms. These are outlined below, with links to the Silva
Rhetoricae where definitions and examples can be found.
Figures of Diction
- repetitio (epanaphora)
- conversio (antistrophe)
- conplexio
- traductio (ploce / antimetathesis
/ syncrisis / transplacement / and antanaclasis)
- contentio (antithesis)
- exclamatio (apostrophe)
- interrogatio (erotema
- ratiocinatio (aetiologia,
"reasoning by question and answer")
- sententia (maxim)
- contrarium (epicheireme,
enthymeme, "reasoning by contraries")
- membrum orationis (colon, "clause")
- articulus (comma
or phrase)
- continuatio (period, "sentence")
- conpar (isocolon)
- similiter cadens (homoioptoton)
- similiter desinens (homoeoteleuton)
- adnominatio (paronomasia)
- subiectio (hypophora)
- gradatio (climax)
- definitio (horismus, "definition")
- transitio
- correctio (epidiorthosis)
- occultatio (paralipsis)
- disiunctum (diazeugma, "disjunction")
- coniunctio (synezeugma,
"conjunction")
- adiunctio (epizeugma,
"adjunction")
- conduplicatio (anadiplosis,
"reduplication")
- interpretatio (synonymia,
"interpretation")
- commutatio (antimetabole,
"reciprocal change")
- permissio (epitrope, "surrender")
- dubitatio (aporia, "indecision")
- expeditio ("elimination")
- dissolutum (asyndeton)
- praecisio (aposiopesis)
- conclusio
Tropes:
- nominatio (onomatopoeia)
- pronominatio (antonomasia)
- denominatio (metonymy)
- circumitio (periphrasis)
- transgressio (hyperbaton)
- superlatio (hyperbole)
- intellectio (synecdoche)
- abusio (catachresis)
- translatio (metaphor)
- permutatio (allegory)
Figures of Thought
- distributio (diaeresis,
merismus, "distribution")
- licentia (parresia, "frankness
of speech")
- deminutio (antenantiosis, meiosis,
litotes, "understatement")
- descriptio (diatyposis,
"vivid description")
- divisio (prosopodosis, "division")
- frequentatio (synathroismus, "accumulation")
- expolitio (chreia, "refining")
- commoratio (epimone, "dwelling on the point")
- contentio (antithesis)
- similitudo (parabole, "comparison")
- exemplum (paradigma, "exemplification")
- imago (simile)
- effictio (characterismus, "portrayal")
- notatio (ethopoeia, "character delineation")
- sermocinatio (dialogue)
- conformatio (prosopopoeia, "personification")
- significatio (emphasis)
- brevitas (brachylogia, "conciseness")
- demonstratio (enargeia, "ocular
demonstration")
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